Arc-lamp



-2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

A. H. BOWMAN.

ARG LAMP.

Patented Aug. 25, 1885.

'lem-Um IQ.

Jawa/770 r.

'I4/8777 ases.'

N PETERS. PhmmLHhogmphL-r, wrnhingmn. D. c.

(No Mael.)

` 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.. A. H. BOWMAN.

ARG LAMP.

Patented Aug. 25, 1885.

N. PETERS. Phawmhugmpmr, wamingmn. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER H. BOWMAN, OF PACKERTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

ARC-LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 324,978, dated August25I 1885.

Application filed March 19, 1885. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER H. Bow- MAN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Packerton, in the county of Carbon and Stateof Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inArc- Lamps, of which the following` is a specifica tion.

My invention relates to the clutch of an arclamp, to the device formaking electrical connection with the carbon-holder, to the forms anddisposition of the lever-connections for operating the clutch, and tominor points of detail. Y

Accordingly, my invention consists in certain novel constructions andcombinations of devices, which will be hereinafter particularlydescribed with reference to the accompanying drawings, and definitelypointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are a side view of theframe and fixtures of the lamp with the regulating device or mechanismomitted for the sake of clearness. Fig. l being a view of the upperportion and Fig. 2 of the lower portion of said frame and fixtures.Figs. 3 and 4 are two side views, the one at right angles to the other,of a device for regulating automatically the distance between theelectrodes.

The principal part of' said device is the clutch shown in section inFig. 5. A portion of this clutch (not very clearly shown in Fig. 5) isshown in Fig. 6. Fig. 7 is a top view of a portion of Fig. 3, as will behereinafter more fully described.

Referring now to the figures in general, where like letters representlike parts, A is a casting of brass or other suitable metal, and is thefoundation to which all other parts are attached either directly orindirectly. B is a cover adapted to be screwed upon the portion A, thelatter being provided accordingly with the screw-thread G. When thecover B is screwed upon the frame A, two surfaces come in contact at a.A washer may be put between; but I prefer to grind the surfaces so as toobtain a joint as air-tight, at least, as that between the surfaces ofan ordinary air-pump plate and its receiver. Under this cover is.contained the regulating device, which isv thereby protected from.injury, and at the same time is inclosed from the outside atmosphere.The said cover is provided with a ring, D, by which the lamp may becarried or suspended from any xed hook or other suitable support. Thecover is narrowed at the upper portion, as shown, and is of sufiicientlength to allow rooni for the movements of the upper-electrode holderE,which is itself tubular,and isy adapted to move up and down in a tube,F, closed at its upper end by the screwplug b, and continuous with thetube F, open at its lower end, c, said lower end being attached in anysuitable manner to lower part of frame A. The upper tube, F', is screwedinto the nut d, which is fixed to the frame A.

The upper portion, F', has attached to the screw-plug b two heavy wirestwisted together except at the ends, which are shown at e, and which areso spread apart as to press against the linner surface of the inner tubeor carbon-holder, E, and make electrical contact therewith. At the sametime this arrangement allows not only electrical contact to be madebetween the wires and the carbon-holder in the position shown, but italso allows electrical contact to be made even when the said holderoccupies any of the positions for which it is adapted. The frame A iselectrically connected to one pole of the generator, so that the currententers the carbon-holder E through the ends e of the doubly-twistedwire, which is electrically connected to the said frame through theouter tube, F. The ends e make definite and constant contact between theouter tube and the carbon-holder, and much better than if the contactbetween said holder and said tube were alone depended upon.

The connections between the carbon ehetrodes and their respectiveholders are made in well-known manner, as shown at I and J, while thelower-carbon holder is supported from the frame A by means of rods f andg, which are supported from the frame A by nuts h and c.

It is unnecessary to go into any further explanation as to how thecircuit is distributed throughthe lamp, further than to mention that thelower magnet, T, in Figs. 3 and 4 is in a shunt around the arc, and themagnet T in the upper part of Figs. 3 and 4 is in the main circuit withthe arc. The connections to the carbon electrodes and to the saidinagnets have nothing to do with my invention, and therefore allreference thereto is avoided. The incosing glass globe O is supportedbyitslower .grlound edge upon thehollowed ground metallic piece l?, andat its upper edge, which is also ground perfectly flat,to the groundlower surface of the frame A. These two contactsurfaces are shown atmand n.

Q represents anut, which,when screwed upon the lower-carbon holder It,causes these contactsurfaccs to be pressed together and form apractically air-tight joint.

The globe O, in combination with the cover B, forms an entirelypractically air-tight chamber, and the only opening between the two isby means of holes p in the tube F. In these holes arelocated littlestuds or pins q, which are automaticall y adapted to press against ormove away from the carbon-holder E.

The reader is now introduced to an explanation of the mechanism ofthelamp. The plugs q are best seen in Fig. 6, and consist of smallcylindrical pieces with a groove cut along one side to receive Verticaland fixed pins'r. This construction allows the movement of the plugs toand from the carbon-holder E, the pins o' being attached to the conicalcollar S, which is supported by thesaid plugs q, whose ends rest uponthe edges of theholes p. The plugs gare preferably provided withroughened ends. The conical collar S is surrounded by a second conicalcollar, S', whose movements upward and downward simultaneously push theplugs q against the carbon-holder E, and raise the said holder more andmore or less and less, according to the extent of movement given to thecollar. To this end the holes p are larger than the plugs, so that theplugs together with the carbonholder may be moved upwardly. Vhen thecollar S is allowed to fall, the plugs 1 loosen their grip and allow thecarbon-holder to fall also to a distance which depends upon the lengthof time during which the collar S does not press inwardly the plugs q.There are only two plugs shown 5 but there may be any number desired.

The device just described forms the clutch used in my lamp, and maytherefore be said to consist of plugs loosely supported in a conicalcollar and adapted to loosen their grip upon or to grip thecarbon-holder, and of a second conical collar surrounding the firstnamedconical collar and adapted by its movements to press the said plugsagainst the carbon-holder and to lift the said carbon-holder. The clutchis operated by means of springs and levers, in combination withelectro-magnets, as will now be described. The magnet T has a pivotedarmature, U, which, when not attracted by the magnet, is held away fromthe same, as shown, by its own weight and a spring, U'. Below thearmature is pivoted a double lever made of the two parts w and w',pivoted to each other as well as to the frame A, and shown more clearlyin Fig. 7 They are provided with bearings v, adapted to be pivoted tothe collar S' by means of the connecting-links o'. One of the levers, w,has an arm, X, fastened at one end to the armature Y, and at the otherto a spring, U2. The other part, w', is balanced by two springs, U' U'.A lever, X', has one of its arms curved and provided with a pin, q',which is observed to rest against a cam, this cam being a rigidprojection ofthe armature U. The other arm of the lever X is connectedby means of alink to the armature Y, so that it is adapted to be movedaway from the magnet by the arm X and the spring U" when the armature Uis attracted into contact with the magnet, as it is all the time thecurrent passes through the lamp. Any increase in the strength of theshunt-magnet T attracts the armature Y, operates the levers w and w' bymeans of the arm X, and therefore lets fall the conical collar S' for aninstant. During this instant the pins q lose their grip, and thecarbon-holder E falls until the current in the shunt is decreasedsufficiently to allow the lever Y to resume its original position andhold the carbon by means of the mechanism with which said armature isconnected. The collar S is caused to be more definite in its downwardmovement when released by the collar S' by means ofthe spring UV.

Having described my invention, what I desire to claim in Letters Patentisl. In combination with the 'frame of an arclamp, atube, F, fixed tosaid frame and provided with holes p, a closed tube, F', continuous withthe tube F, a doubly-twisted wire attached to the upper end of' the tubeF and provided with the two ends e, not twisted, and the tubularcarbonholder E, fitting loosely in the continuous tube formed of the twotubes F and F', and fitting tightly upon the ends e of the saiddoublytwisted wire, substantially as described.

2. As a part of an arclamp, a clutch consisting of a conical collar, S,provided with plugs q, adapted to press endwise against thecarbon-holder and to be released from pressing against saidcarbon-holder, and of the said conical collar S', fitting loosely uponthe firstmentioned conical collar, and adapted by its movements to pressthe said plugs q against the said carbonholder, substantially asdescribed.

3. In an arc-lamp, a clutch consisting of two conical collars, the onefitting loosely upon the other, and the inner one tting loosely upon atube which incloses the carbon-holder, and being provided with plugswhich press more or less through holes in the tube surrounding thecarbon-holder, according to the position of the said outer conicalcollar.

4. In an arc-lamp, the combination of the pivoted main magnet-armatureU,the lever X', having a projection, q', resting against an arm attachedto the said armature, and having a link-connection with the armature Yof the shunt-magnet T', and the lever X, connected rigidly to thearmature of said shunt-magnet IOO IlO

and at or near its center to the clutch of the carbon-holder by means ofsuitable levers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an arc-lamp, the two levers 'w and w', pivoted together by ahinge, provided each with grooved projections o, and connected to theclamping device by levers v', the lever w' having a double lever-arm, X,carrying upon its lower end the armature of the shunt-mag net, and beingconnected at its upper end to the frame work through the medium of aspring, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname, in presence of two witnesses, this 12th day of March, 1885.

ALEXANDER H. RowMAN.

Witnesses:

EDWARD l?. THOMPSON, T. COMMERFORD MARTIN.

